Providing steady-state power systems containing large solar power plants

Abstract

Relevance: Currently, the share of renewable energy sources in the Republic of Uzbekistan is rapidly increasing. In particular, the large-scale integration of solar power plants (SPPs) into the power system is introducing new challenges related to real-time control of system frequency and voltage. Since solar energy is inherently variable and difficult to predict, maintaining the balance between generation and load—especially ensuring frequency stability—is becoming increasingly critical. System frequency is directly dependent on the difference between generated and consumed power, and the variability of renewable sources disrupts this balance. Under such conditions, battery energy storage systems (BESS) play a vital role in frequency regulation. Due to their rapid charging and discharging capabilities, BESS can respond to frequency deviations in real time and improve the dynamic stability of the system. This article analyzes the impact of a BESS operating in conjunction with a solar power plant on the frequency behavior of the power system.

Aim: The objective is to identify the frequency deviation issues arising from the integration of renewable energy sources, particularly solar power plants and battery energy storage systems (BESS), into power systems; to analyze their impact on system performance; and to develop modern control methods and algorithms to ensure frequency stability.

Methods: In this study, in order to analyze the frequency stability of power systems, modern theories and nonlinear mathematical programming methods were utilized to model the dynamic behavior of the system under the integration of solar power plants and battery energy storage systems (BESS). Furthermore, appropriate algorithms were developed to effectively address frequency control challenges.

Results: Based on the analysis of short-term operating conditions of power systems, the study was conducted using the 14-bus IEEE test system. The results of the evaluation of the impact of solar power plants and battery energy storage systems (BESS) on system frequency are presented.