Development of Wind Energy in Uzbekistan as a Basis for the Green Economy

Abstract

Relevance: The development of renewable energy sources in Uzbekistan is a strategic task amid growing electricity consumption and the need to reduce carbon emissions. Wind energy has significant potential — estimates suggest the country’s total wind resources exceed 520 GW, several times higher than its national demand. Large wind farms in Karakalpakstan, Navoi, and Bukhara will diversify the energy mix, reduce the load on gas-fired power plants, and strengthen energy security.

Aim: To assess the significance of current and future wind energy projects in Uzbekistan for increasing the share of renewable sources, ensuring energy security, and implementing the “green economy” strategy.

Methods: Analysis of project documentation and statistics from the Ministry of Energy of Uzbekistan; comparison of wind farm capacities and output with international trends (IRENA, IEA); evaluation of environmental and economic impacts (reduction of CO₂ emissions, gas savings, job creation).

Results: It has been shown that by 2030 Uzbekistan plans to commission more than 3 GW of wind power capacity (Navoi – 500 MW, Bukhara – 1000 MW, Karakalpakstan – up to 1500 MW and others). These projects will generate tens of billions of kWh annually, save over 3 billion m³ of natural gas, and reduce CO₂ emissions by up to 5 million tons. Large-scale deployment of wind energy supports the implementation of the “Green Economy Transition Strategy” and aligns with global renewable energy trends.