Dynamic Modeling and Performance Analysis of a Grid-Connected Wind Power System with Simplified Generator and MPPT Control

Abstract

Relevance: In the context of rapidly increasing integration of renewable energy sources, the large-scale deployment of wind power plants has made the issues of stable operation, power fluctuation mitigation, and control system optimization increasingly significant. Variability in wind speed and aerodynamic characteristics of turbines causes instability and losses in power transmission. Therefore, performing dynamic analysis of wind energy systems based on simplified generator models and improving Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control strategies have become scientifically and practically important directions in modern research.

Objective: The study aims to analyze the dynamic operation of a large-scale grid-connected wind power system using a simplified model that integrates aerodynamic and electrical parameters, to evaluate the efficiency of the MPPT control algorithm, and to determine the stability of active and reactive power flows under grid-connected conditions.

Methods: A simplified wind power system model rated at 1.5 MVA, 575 V, and 60 Hz was developed. The turbine’s aerodynamic power was calculated using  and the optimal MPPT reference power was expressed as  The generator’s electrical output was determined by  and the active and reactive powers exchanged with the grid were evaluated as  These equations were implemented in a dynamic simulation to analyze system behavior under varying wind speeds.

Results: Simulation results showed that when wind speed increased from 7 m/s to 10.5 m/s, active power rose steadily from 0.6 p.u. to 1.2 p.u., confirming accurate MPPT tracking performance. Reactive power remained close to zero, maintaining voltage stability at the grid interface. The voltage and current waveforms retained smooth sinusoidal profiles, demonstrating system synchronization and dynamic stability. The developed simplified model thus proved to be an effective tool for dynamic analysis, MPPT tuning, and early-stage design of large-scale wind power systems.