Modeling of Wind Energy System Based on Doubly-Fed Induction Generator

Abstract

Relevance: Due to climate change, growing energy demand, and the need to ensure environmental sustainability, the implementation of renewable energy sources, particularly wind energy, is becoming increasingly important. In such systems, doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) play a key role in the efficient generation and transmission of electrical energy to the power grid. This system represents one of the modern solutions that allows wind turbines to operate with high efficiency and enables control of reactive power under variable wind conditions. The system includes two converters (grid-side and rotor-side control), a DC-link, and control algorithms with high dynamic performance. The MATLAB/Simulink environment is of great importance for modeling, as it allows the creation of systems based on mathematical and dynamic principles, their analysis under various operating conditions, and the development of effective control algorithms.

Aim: To model a wind energy system based on a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) in MATLAB/Simulink, analyze its electromagnetic characteristics and efficiency under varying wind speeds, and develop effective control strategies.

Methods: The electromagnetic processes in the stator and rotor of the generator are described using a system of differential equations based on Park-Clarke (dq0) transformation. Vector control systems were implemented for both rotor-side and grid-side converters.

Results: In this study, a wind energy system based on a doubly-fed induction generator was modeled in MATLAB/Simulink, and a comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of control algorithms was conducted. During the simulation, wind speed dynamically varied from 7 m/s to 12 m/s. As a result, the characteristics of rotor speed variation, electromagnetic torque, and stator current were obtained, and the system was successfully integrated into the electrical grid. This demonstrated the generator’s high performance under rapidly changing environmental conditions. Harmonic analysis of the stator current on the grid side was also performed, showing that the total harmonic distortion (THD) was below 5%, which complies with international standards.